Showing posts with label PDE Ramayana: Hodgson. Show all posts
Showing posts with label PDE Ramayana: Hodgson. Show all posts

Friday, October 8, 2010

PDE Ramayana: Sugriva and Hanuman


Reading Guide. Following the advice they got from Kabandha, Rama and Lakshmana leave Shabari's hermitage and go in search of Sugriva, a monkey-king now living in exile. When Sugriva sees them coming, he is alarmed, thinking that they are agents in the employ of his brother Vali. In this episode you will also meet Hanuman, the monkey-god who will be Rama's most devoted follower.

Image: The photograph below shows Rama and Hanuman in a Ram-Lila ("Rama's Play") performance; you can learn more about the Ram-Lila tradition at Wikipedia.

Source. Rama and the Monkeys by Geraldine Hodgson (1903). [400 words] This is the first selection you have read from Geraldine Hodgon's version of the Rama for young readers (junior high school). It picks up where Sugriva has noticed Rama and Lakshmana wandering in the woods and has sent Hanuman, in disguise, to go investigate.




Shabari | 41. Sugriva and Hanuman | Sugriva's Story


Then Sugriva invited Hanuman to disguise himself and approach the strangers and to find out if he could who they were and why they came. So Hanuman took the shape of a beggar and set forth.

When he overtook the two brothers, he spoke to them and extolled their great beauty and strength and asked them why they wandered thus fully armed about the lake country, filling all the animals with fear. When they did not reply, he explained that he was Hanuman, the messenger of Sugriva, the high-souled, heroic, and virtuous monkey who journeyed through the world with sorrow in his heart because Vali his elder brother had driven him away and had captured his wife.

Then Rama, his face shining with joy, told Lakshmana that this was certainly Hanuman the chief counsellor of Sugriva, the best of monkeys, whom they had come to seek by the lake Pampa, and he bade his brother speak words of welcome.

Hearing these words, Hanuman's heart overflowed with gladness. Here at last was a friendly power, a willing ally by whose help, if he could but bring them together, Sugriva might win back the kingdom and find his wife.

But first Hanuman repeated his question, asking why they wandered about thus in the lake country. Then Lakshmana explained who they were, how Rama had been driven into exile, and how he himself had of his own will followed his brother in all his wanderings and troubles. He said further that it was Rama's wish, great and powerful though he was, to place himself under the protection of Sugriva.

Then Hanuman answered that they must come at once. "Sugriva too," he said, "has been turned out of his kingdom; he too has had his wife torn from him and has been troubled greatly by a brother. He with us will help you in your search for beautiful Sita." So Rama and Lakshmana, knowing that the son of the Wind God could not lie, agreed to go with him.

And Hanuman, taking again his monkey shape, put them both on his back and sped away till he brought them to that best of hills and set them down in the presence of Sugriva the monkey chief.


Shabari | Sugriva and Hanuman | Sugriva's Story



Friday, October 1, 2010

PDE Ramayana: Sugriva's Story


Reading Guide. Sugriva explains how his quarrel with Vali goes back to when Vali was fighting a demon (the "enemy" referred to in the story below), and Sugriva then asks for Rama's help to confront Vali in battle.

Image: The illustration below is a detail; to see the hermitage of Matanga where Sugriva has taken refuge, see the full-size view of the image.

Source. Rama and the Monkeys by Geraldine Hodgson (1903). [300 words]



Hanuman | 42. Sugriva's Story | Sugriva and Vali


Whereupon this best of monkeys told Rama how it had come to pass that Vali, his elder brother, should have behaved so badly.

It appeared that on one occasion Vali, being attacked by an enemy, pursued him in the moonlight till the creature, finding a hole, ran down it under the earth. Then Vali, leaving Sugriva with orders to guard the mouth till his return, followed his enemy into the hole, and Sugriva watched faithfully for one whole year. Then, hearing fierce cries but no sound of his brother's voice and seeing blood issue from the mouth of the cave, Sugriva believed that Vali had been killed and returned to Kishkindha and ruled his brother's subjects.

Yet as a matter of fact, Vali had not been killed and, when he had destroyed his enemy, he came back to the mouth of the hole. But as Sugriva, before leaving it, had filled it in with the top of a mountain, Vali had the greatest difficulty in getting out again, and when he once arrived back in Kishkindha, he refused to believe Sugriva's tale but declared that his younger brother had filled up the hole of the cavern with a mountain top to keep him a prisoner and so to get safe possession of his kingdom.

Nothing that Sugriva could say or do could assuage his anger, and Vali took away Sugriva's wife and turned that best of monkeys adrift with nothing on but a single cloth.

"So, Rama, has it come about," said Sugriva in conclusion of his story, "that I am alone here with Hanuman and his followers. All my defense is in these faithful apes who accompany me always."

On hearing this pitiful tale Rama prepared at once to avenge his friend Sugriva and, having given that best of monkeys unmistakable proof of his great strength, he begged Sugriva to challenge Vali to meet them in battle.


Hanuman | Sugriva's Story | Sugriva and Vali